Contents

1 USB (Universal Serial Bus) [7]

• History: Developed by DEC (Digital Equipment Corporation), IBM (International Business Machines), Intel, Microsoft, NEC (Nippon Electric Company) and Nortel in 1996.
• Medium: 4 copper wires plus shield (pre-3.0); 9 copper wires plus shield (USB 3.0).
• Bit-rate: 1.5 Mbps (USB 1.x), 12 Mbps (USB 1.x), 480 Mbps (USB 2.0), 5,000 Mbps (USB 3.0) and 10,000 Mbps (USB 3.1).

2 Parallel ATA (AT (Advanced Technology) Attachment) [3]

• History: Developed by Western Digital in 1986.
• Medium: 40 copper wires, usually twisted in pairs.
• Bit-rate: Up to 133 MBps.

3 SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) [4]

• History: ANSI (American National Standards Institute) developed the SCSI standard in 1986.
• Medium: Up to 80 copper wires, usually twisted in pairs.
• Bit-rate: Up to 640 MBps (Ultra-640 SCSI).

4 SATA (Serial ATA) [5]

• History: Developed by the Serial ATA International Organization (Dell, Hewlett-Packard, HGST (Hitachi Global Storage Technologies), Intel, Marvell, PMC (Pacific Microelectronics Centre)-Sierra, SanDisk, Seagate Technology and Western Digital) in 2003.
• Medium: 7 copper wires.
• Bit-rate: Up to 600 Mbps.

5 SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) [6]

• History: The T10 technical committee of the INCITS (International Committee for Information Technology Standards) develops and maintains the SAS protocol since 2005.
• Medium: Up to 36 copper wires.
• Bit-rate: Up to 1,200 MBps (SAS 3.0).

6 Fibre channel [1]

• History: Standardized in 1994 by the T11 Technical Committee of the INCITS (International Committee for Information Technology Standards).
• Medium: 1 optical fiber.
• Bit-rate: Up to 1,600 MBps (SAS 3.0).

7 InfiniBand [2]

• History: Developed by Compaq, IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Microsoft, and Sun Microsystems in 1999.
• Medium: 4 copper/wires or 2 optical fibers (1X).
• Bit-rate: Up to 8 Gbps (1X).

References