Contents

1 Single Layer Coding (SLC) + Client/Server (C/S) Model

• Notice that a buffer underflow (i.e. a lost of a GOP during the playback) can occur if $t_T<t_E$ (the transmission bit-rate is smaller than the encoding bit-rate).

2 Media simulcast + Client/Server (C/S) Model

• If the client’s buffer is going to underflow, the client should retrieve a stream with a smaller bit-rate (this happens for the GOP${}_2$).

3 Multiple Layer Coding (MLC) + Client/Server (C/S) Model

• If the client’s buffer is going to underflow, the client should retrieve less layers.

4 Multiple Description Coding (MDC) + Client/Server (C/S) Model

• If the client’s buffer is going to underflow, the client should retrieve less descriptions (this happens for the GOP${}_2$).

5 Single Layer Coding (SLC) + Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Model

• Due to all peers need to share the same single-layered stream, $t_E$ should never be bigger than $t_T$, for every peer in the cluster, or a buffer underflow will occur in those peers where $t_E>t_T$.

6 Media simulcast + Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Model

• Each media can be simultaneously broadcasted but in different channels (clusters of peers).
• Peers can switch between clusters depending on the transmission bit-rate (channel switching should be fast in order to use efficiently the available bandwidth).
• The time to perform a switch between channels depends on the buffering time.

7 Multiple Layer Coding (MLC) + Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Model

• If each layer is transmitted over a different cluster, peers can join/left to more/less clusters depending on the transmission bit-rate.
• The transmission of the layer $X-1$ must be prioritized to the transmission of the layer $X$.

8 Multiple Description Coding (MDC) + Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Model

• As in MLC, if each description is transmitted over a different cluster, peers can join/left to more/less clusters depending on the transmission bit-rate.
• However, in this case it is not necessary to prioritize the transmission of the descriptions (although a peer could be rejected from a cluster (description) if it becomes unsupportive).